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Teudat Zehut ((ヘブライ語:תעודת זהות); (アラビア語:بطاقة هوية / ''biţāqat huwīya'')) is the Israeli compulsory identity document, as prescribed in the ''Identity Card Carrying and Displaying Act of 1982'': Any resident sixteen years of age or older must at all times carry an Identity card, and present it upon demand to a senior police officer, head of Municipal or Regional Authority, or a policeman or member of the Armed forces on duty. — חוק החזקת תעודת זהות והצגתה (Identity Card Carrying and Displaying Law of 1982) on the Hebrew Wikisource. ==Law and common practice== Criminal offence carries a 5,000 Old Israeli shekel fine for not carrying an identity card or for misuse of the document (in 1983 prices, which equals about 1,400 NIS today). However, the law explicitly forbids pressing charges in case the offender contacted the relevant authorities within five days and identified himself properly. Furthermore, in December 2011, a Peace Court (Magistrate Court) in the Krayot region acquitted an Israeli citizen from Nahariya who refused to present his identity card before a policeman upon the policeman's request. The judge ruled that the current reading of the law must be in the spirit of the Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty (enacted in 1992), hence such a refusal should be deemed legitimate unless the state-official has a reason to suspect that the person before him has committed an offence.〔(Court: There is no Obligation to Present an Identity Card upon a Policeman's Request ), by Revital Hovel, Haaretz, 5 Dec 2011 (in Hebrew).〕 In addition to the above-mentioned law, the identity card is required in order to exercise certain civil rights. Until recently it was the only valid identification for voting in general elections. However, since 2005 the law also permits the use of a valid drivers license or a valid Israeli passport for this purpose.〔Amendment no. 54 to article no. 74 of the Election Law, approved by the Knesset on December 5, 2005.〕 When not specifically required by law, other identification may be used. In Israel, access to many office buildings or guarded areas requires showing an ID.〔For example, the Al-Aqsa mosque area in Jerusalem, Azrieli Towers in Tel Aviv, Aviv Towers in Ramat Gan and many others.〕 Identity cards are issued by the Israeli Ministry of Interior, through offices across the country. The document is issued to all residents over 16 years old who have legal permanent residence status, including non-citizens. Up until July 2012, the document had no expiry date, and it could be used as long as it was intact. Since July 2012, any new identity cards issued expire after 10 years and any previously issued cards will expire in July 2022. 〔http://www.hamoked.org.il/files/2013/1157810.pdf〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Israeli identity card」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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